恩格斯晚年对马克思主义理论的新贡献——科学社会主义方面

Engels’ New Contribution to Marxist Theory in His Later Years—In Terms of Scientific Socialism

恩格斯是马克思亲密的战友,恩格斯和马克思共同创立了唯物史观、科学社会主义理论,共同创建了第一个无产阶级政党,并起草了党纲《共产党宣言》,共同领导了19世纪欧洲工人运动。1883年马克思逝世后,晚年的恩格斯独自肩负起指导国际工人运动的重任。恩格斯在晚年时期对马克思主义理论在科学社会主义方面做出了何种新贡献?本文坚持以问题为导向,以恩格斯晚年的科学社会主义思想为研究对象,在资本主义产生新变化的背景下,分析恩格斯晚年对马克思主义理论的新发展,最后阐明恩格斯晚年对科学社会主义新贡献的当代启示。

Engels was a close comrade-in-arms of Marx, who co-founded historical materialism and the theory of scientific socialism, co-founded the first proletarian party, drafted the party program “The Communist Manifesto”, and jointly led the European workers’ movement in the 19th century. After Marx’s death in 1883, Engels in his later years took on the responsibility of guiding the international workers’ movement on his own. What new contributions did Engels make to Marxist theory in the field of scientific socialism in his later years? This paper insists on being problem-oriented, takes Engels’ thought on scientific socialism in his later years as the object of study, analyzes the new development of Marxist theory in Engels’ later years against the background of the new changes in capitalism, and finally expounds the contemporary enlightenment of Engels’ new contributions to scientific socialism in his later years.