电力变压器热稳定性能试验与状态监测分析与研究

Research on Thermal Stability Testing and Condition Monitoring Analysis of Oil-Immersed Transformer

电力系统是由发电厂、送变电线路、供配电所和用电等环节组成的电能生产与消费系统,在变压器事故当中造成人员伤亡或其他重大灾害损失的以油浸式变压器为大部分,其中油浸式变压器内部的电器绝缘油是造成事故发生的原因之一。本文通过分析温度对于油浸式变压器事故影响的相关文献,探讨温度对于油浸式变压器内的电器绝缘油造成绝缘劣化而导致油浸式变压器火警事故发生,借由使用微差扫描热卡计(DSC)和热重量分析仪(TG)进行分析,提供实验设定温度数据。经由恒温加热观察电器绝缘油在设定温度之下重量损失变化,再由电力耐压试验分析经过恒温加热电器的绝缘油其绝缘能力是否随温度的增加而有降低的趋势。实验结果显示电器绝缘的油绝缘能力会随着温度上升而上升,但达到高温时会产生绝缘劣化,因此轻则造成油浸式变压器事故或油浸式变压器起火危害发生,重则造成电力系统失效导致经济损失等重大灾害。因此研究内相关实验数据可作为油浸式变压器使用上安全应用及操作依据的参考,并期待未来可针对油浸式变压器事故造成电器绝缘油起火事故进行预防且有效降低发生机率。

The power system is an electric energy production and consumption system composed of power plants, transmission and transformation lines, power supply and distribution stations, and electric-ity consumption. In the transformer accident, the oil-immersed transformer is the majority. Among them, the power insulating oil inside the oil-immersed transformer is one of the causes of the acci-dent. This study collects relevant literatures on the influence of temperature on oil-immersed transformer accidents at home and abroad, and explores the insulation deterioration caused by temperature on the power insulating oil in oil-immersed transformers, which leads to the occur-rence of oil-immersed transformer fire accidents. The experimental set temperature data is ana-lyzed and provided using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TG). The weight loss of electrical insulating oil under the set temperature is observed using con-stant temperature heating. Whether the insulating ability of the insulating oil of constant temper-ature heating electrical appliances has a tendency to decrease with the increase of temperature by the electric withstand voltage test. Experimental results show that the insulation capacity of power insulating oil will increase as the temperature rises, but insulation degradation will occur when the temperature reaches a high temperature. Therefore, it may cause accidents or fire hazards of oil-immersed transformers, and electricity system failure causes major disasters such as economic losses. Therefore, the relevant experimental data in the study can be used as a reference for the safety application and operation basis of oil-immersed transformers, and it is hoped that in the fu-ture, oil-immersed transformer accidents can prevent electric insulating oil fire accidents and effec-tively reduce the probability of occurrence.