基于寻优法的光伏直流发电功率控制研究

Research on Power Control of Photovoltaic DC Generation Based on Optimal Method

为增强独立光伏发电系统的稳定运行和提高光伏发电系统的能源利用率,本文基于光伏电池的物理特性,采用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件搭建了光伏电池的仿真模型。根据光伏结构和要求搭建独立光伏发电系统,通过查表法对系统进行最大功率跟踪(MPPT),并在此基础上提出了一种新型寻优控制策略,实现了光伏系统对输出功率的控制。同时设定光照模型和功率需求模型对含有寻优控制策略的30 kW光伏发电系统进行仿真研究。结果表明:光伏电池发电特性曲线符合实际光伏电池特性。功率控制策略可以有效地对光伏阵列进行功率控制从而满足系统的供需平衡,提高系统能源利用效率,避免了电池过充现象,延长了独立光伏发电系统的使用寿命。对光伏发电的推广和使用有重要的指导意义。

In order to enhance the operation stability of independent photovoltaic power generation system and improve the efficient utilization of photovoltaic power generation system, this paper first builds a simulation model of photovoltaic cells by Matlab/Simulink simulation software according to the physical characteristics of photovoltaic cells. An independent photovoltaic power generation system is built, and the maximum power tracking (MPPT) is carried out according to the look-up table method, and a new optimization control strategy is proposed according to it. The illumination model and power demand model are set up to simulate the 30 kW photovoltaic power generation system with optimal control strategy. The results show that the power generation characteristic curve of photovoltaic cells accords with the actual characteristics of photovoltaic cells. Power control strate-gy can effectively control the power of photovoltaic array to meet the power balance between supply and demand of the system, which improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system, avoids the phenomenon of battery overcharge and prolongs the service life of independent photovoltaic power generation system. It has important guiding significance for the popularization and applica-tion of photovoltaic power generation.