摘要
我国是自然灾害多发的国家,这给人民群众的生产生活带来了巨大困难,也给国家的经济建设带来影响。文章通过对有关自然灾害风险评估的大量文献进行整理,深入了解自然灾害风险评估的定义,简单梳理了前人对于自然灾害风险评估的常用研究方法和模型,以及多学科在自然灾害风险评估中的交叉应用,认为当前常用的自然灾害风险评估方法和模型有层次分析法、模糊数学统计法等,但尚还没有一个规范的评估标准体系,仍需朝着深入研究自然灾害风险评估的方向进行研究,并提出当今自然灾害风险评估的创新与不足之处,以便更好的为防灾减灾工作服务,确保人员的最低伤亡,减少灾害风险,具有重大的科学和实践意义。
China is a country which has frequent natural disasters, bringing great difficulties to people’s production and life. What’s more, it also affects the country’s economic construction. By sorting out a large number of literatures related to natural disaster risk assessment, this paper has an in-depth understanding of the definition of natural disaster risk assessment, and briefly summa-rizes the common research methods and models of natural disaster risk assessment by predecessors, as well as the cross-application of multi-disciplines in natural disaster risk assessment. Before sorting out the literature, I hold the view that the current natural disaster risk assessment methods and models such as analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathematics statistics method, but it is also not a standard evaluation criteria system. And we still need to go further study of the natural disaster risk assessment research and put forward the innovation and deficiency of natural disaster risk assessment, ensuring better service for disaster prevention and mitigation work. It is of great scientific and practical significance to ensure the lowest casualties and reduce disaster risk.
