铌基催化剂在木质素解聚反应中的研究进展

Research Progress of Niobium-Based Catalysts in the Depolymerization of Lignin

随着能源枯竭和环境污染,迫切需要寻找一种可再生资源来提供生产生活中所需的能源与材料。木质素是自然界中可以提供芳香环的大宗可再生资源,是生物质的重要组成部分,具有巨大的经济价值。木质素是由苯丙烷结构单元经C-C键和C-O键连接而成的三维大分子化合物,由于其结构惰性和官能团的复杂性使得木质素成为生物质中最难解聚的物质,催化加氢脱氧技术可将木质素解聚为高附加值小分子化合物。铌基催化剂具有独特的酸性、优异的热稳定性和耐水性,被广泛的应用于脱水、氢解、水解、酯化和烷基化等反应中。本文主要论述了铌基催化剂在木质素的解聚反应中的研究进展及应用。

With the exhaustion of energy resources and environmental pollution, it is a need to find renewable resources to provide the energy and materials needed for production and living. Lignin is a large renewable resource that can provide aromatic rings in nature. It is an important part of biomass and it also has great economic value. Lignin is a three-dimensional polymer compound composed of phenylpropane structural units linked by C-C and C-O bonds. Because of the structural inertia and the complexity of functional groups, lignin has become the most difficult substance to depolymerize in biomass. Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation technology can depolymerize lignin into small molecule compounds with high added value. Niobium-based catalysts have unique acidity, excellent thermal stability and water resistance;it is widely used in dehydration, hydrogenolysis, hydrolysis, esterification and alkylation reactions. This article discusses the research progress and application of niobium-based catalysts in the depolymerization of lignin.