心理距离的维度、关系及相关研究领域扩展

The Dimensions, Relationship and Related Research Area Extensions of Psychological Distance

心理距离以自我为中心,其参照零点是此时此地自己的直接经验,并沿着不同的维度向外扩展,主要包含时间距离、空间距离、社会距离和假设性四个维度。四个距离维度之间具有潜在的自动化联系,且不同维度之间存在相互影响。一些研究表明,心理距离除了上述四个距离维度之外,还扩展到其他相关研究领域,如社会权力、所有权和交易、感觉、新异性、情绪等。未来研究应进一步扩大心理距离的研究领域,关注心理物理学研究,如心理距离是如何随着客观距离的变化而改变的;距离维度数量的变化如何影响心理距离等等。

Psychological distance is egocentric: its reference point is the self in the here and now, and the different ways in which an object might be removed from that point—in time, in space, in social distance, and in hypotheticality—constitute four different distance dimensions. The different psychological distances would have automatic associations, and they would also affect and be affected by each other. Several researches have shown that psychological distance would be extended to many other related research areas that go beyond the four dimensions, such as social power, ownership vs transactions, proximal vs distal senses, novelty, affect, and so on. Future researches should extend the research field of psychological distance. It is also important to include the research of psychophysics. For example, how do objective distances map onto generalized psychological distance? How do different distances combine to affect psychological distance? And so forth.