社交焦虑障碍的性别二态性及其社会心理因素分析

Analysis of Sex Dimorphism and Social Psychological Factors of Social Anxiety Disorder

社交焦虑障碍在患病率、患病症状、共病模式及病因上存在明显的性别二态性。从社会因素来看,这是由不公平的社交环境和性别角色社会化所造成的;从心理特征来看,认知能力、应对方式及自我效能感等一些有性别差异的心理特征导致了这一现象。本文结合国内外近年来对社交焦虑障碍二态性的研究,对以上内容进行系统梳理,以期在未来理论与临床研究中重视这种性别二态性。

Researchers have found that there are sex differences in the morbidity rate, symptoms and com-orbidity pattern among the social anxiety disorder group. In view of the social factors, it results from the unequal social environment and the socialization of gender roles. From the psychological perspective, psychological traits with sex differences, such as cognitive abilities, coping style, self-efficacy, etc. result in the phenomenon. In this paper, we review the studies in sex dimorphism of social anxiety disorder, and expect that more attention should be paid to the sex differences in the theoretical and clinical research.