网络成瘾对跨期选择的影响机制研究

The Cognitive and Neural Mechanism of the Internet Addiction Effect on Intertemporal Choice

跨期选择(intertemporal choice)是指个体对发生在不同时间的成本与收益进行权衡,进而做出的各种判断和选择(Loewenstein, 1988;Frederick, Loewenstein, &O’Donoghue, 2002)。跨期选择是一个非常普遍的现象,小到个体的日常生活和经济行为,大到组织乃至国家公共政策制定,都会涉及到跨期选择的问题。因此,对跨期选择的研究具有重要的理论和实践意义,有助于帮助人们做出更加科学、理性的决策。本研究基于经典的跨期选择任务,采用量表和实验任务相结合的方式。考察网络成瘾与跨期选择中的延迟折扣之间的关系。结果发现:1) 有33名被试网络成瘾测验的得分与跨期选择任务上的延迟折扣率呈负相关;同时,有80名被试网络成瘾测验的得分与跨期选择任务上的延迟折扣率呈正相关,出现人群的分化特征。2) 通过调节效应分析发现,冲动性在网络成瘾测验分数与跨期选择任务上的延迟折扣率之间存在着调节作用,且调节效应达到显著。这一结果表明,由于受到冲动性的调节,不同的人群在网络成瘾和跨期选择的延迟折扣率之间的关系的方向不同。

Intertemporal choice refers to the individual weighing of benefits against costs in different time points, and the corresponding judgment and choices (Loewenstein, 1988;Frederick, Loewenstein, &Donoghue, 2002). Intertemporal choice is a very common phenomenon, which covers from minor things like individual’s daily life and economic behavior, to an organization’s or a nation’s public policy making. Therefore, the study of intertemporal choice has great theoretical and practical significance, to help people make more scientific, rational decision. Our research is based on the classic intertemporal choice tasks, by using a scale and an experimental task, to investigate the relationship between Internet addiction and delay discounting in intertemporal choice. Results: 1) Internet addiction test scores and delay discounting rate in intertemporal choice tasks of 33 sub-jects were negatively correlated;at the same time, there were 80 subjects whose Internet addiction test scores and delay discounting rate in intertemporal choice tasks were positively correlated, presenting different characteristics of people;2) using moderating effect analysis it is found that impulsivity has significant moderating effects on Internet addiction test scores and delay dis-counting rate in intertemporal choice. The results show that, due to the moderation of impulsivity, different groups of people are in different directions on the relationship between Internet addiction and delay discounting rate in intertemporal choice.