“鬼压床”的真相——睡眠瘫痪的心理学研究综述

Is There Really Ghost Pressing You?—A Psychological Review of Sleep Paralysis

睡眠瘫痪俗称“鬼压床”,是在人群中较常见的一种异态睡眠,曾被认为是与灵异有关。近些年来的科学研究将其解释为“心醒身未醒”或“身睡心未睡”的意识与身体不同步进入睡眠态时而引起的。有关研究通过探究睡眠瘫痪时的有关神经生理基础,以及快速眼动睡眠与清醒态有关的睡眠周期节律,提出了几种相关理论解释。本文综述了睡眠瘫痪有关概念、症状、人群分布、影响因素、预防与应对,并着重介绍了前述神经生理解释。

Sleep paralysis, also widely known as “ghost press”, is a type of parasomnias. Recent scientific re-search on sleep paralysis explained these seeming superstitions through exploration on its neural and pathophysiological mechanisms. In the current review we introduced basic symptoms, pre-velance, factors and treatment of sleep paralysis, as well as several major neural system explana-tions in relation to REM sleep.