自闭症谱系障碍患者异常的大尺度脑网络研究

Atypical Large Scale Brain Network in Autism Spectrum Disorders

自闭症谱系障碍(Autism spectrum disorders, ASD)是一种涉及多个大脑区域激活或功能连接异常的神经发育障碍。与正常发育个体相比,ASD患者的默认网络(DMN)、执行控制网络(ECN)、突显网络(SN)和镜像神经元系统(MNS)表现出激活的不足,网络内和网络间功能连接呈现出减弱或增强的特征。此外,异常的大尺度脑网络可能受大脑结构异常、任务状态、被试年龄、分析方法等多种因素的影响。未来的研究需要加深对ASD脑机制的了解,寻找ASD患者敏感的大脑干预方法,促进自闭症的早期识别、诊断与治疗。

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder involving abnormal activa-tion or functional connectivity of multiple brain regions. Compared with typically developing participants, autistic people show activation deficiencies within default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), salience network (SN) and mirror neuron system (MNS), and under-connectivity or over-connectivity within and between networks. In addition, these abnormal large scale brain networks are influenced by many factors, such as atypical brain structures, task state, participants’ age, and analysis methods. Future research needs to deepen the understanding of potential mechanisms under autism brain connectivity, explore sensitive brain intervention methods for ASD and promote the early identification, diagnosis and treatment of ASD.