青少年父母依恋与自传记忆的关系

The Relationship between Adolescent Parental Attachment and Autobiographical Memory

为了探讨青少年父母依恋现状与自传记忆的发展及其关系,研究采用青少年父母同伴依恋量表(IPPA)、自传记忆测验及兴趣和生活习惯调查表对115名小学和初中生进行问卷调查。结果表明:1) 青少年依恋总体状况良好,对母亲依恋质量好于对父亲的依恋,特别是与母亲的沟通好于父亲;2) 青少年父母依恋不存在性别差异,5年级学生与父母整体沟通状况以及与母亲沟通状况均好于7年级学生;3) 积极自传记忆提取速度快于消极记忆,积极自传记忆概括性高于消极记忆;4) 疏远维度与自传记忆反应时和概括性呈显著负相关,父子依恋、母子依恋与自传记忆概括性成负相关,与自传记忆具体性成正相关;5) 相比于父子依恋,母亲依恋–疏离可以更好的预测自传记忆特征。

Adolescent aged from 8 to 13 years (N = 115) completed Inventory of Parents and Peer Attach-ment, the Autobiographical Memory Test, and Inventory of Interests and Habits to examine the quality and characteristic of adolescent parental attachment and characteristic of autobiographi-cal memory (AM). Results showed that 1) as a whole, the quality of adolescents’ attachment was high. 2) Attachment to mother and father did not significantly differ between males and females. With regards to the grade effects, adolescents in 5 grade scored significantly higher than adoles-cents in 7 on communication to mother and total communication. 3) The retrieval time of positive AM was significantly shorter than negative AM, and the generality of positive AM was significantly higher than negative AM. 4) Alienation score had significantly passive correlation with the retrieval time and generality of AM, and scores of father and mother attachment had a significantly passive correlation with the generality of AM and had a significantly positive correlation with the vividness of AM. 5) Compared with father-son attachment, mother attachment-alienation can predict the characteristics of AM better.