认知控制和致胖环境的研究综述

A Review of Cognitive Function and Obesogenic Environment

越来越多的研究发现目前的饮食环境不仅导致肥胖率快速增加,而且也引起了认知损害和痴呆症等疾病的发生。目前的研究表明与肥胖相关的认知缺陷包含了基本的抑制加工过程,在饮食控制中起到了重要的作用,表明这些认知损害是体重增加的危险因素之一。本文将回顾肥胖、高热量饮食与记忆、注意力抑制缺陷相关的研究。其中,注意力在对食物相关的记忆抑制中起到了重要作用,且对海马活动产生了影响。最后本文总结出目前的饮食环境之所以“致胖”是由于越来越多的食物线索的出现和饮食量的增加,导致人们抵抗这些食物线索的能力下降。因此提高食物相关认知控制的能力,不仅可以预防肥胖,而且也可以降低未来发生认知障碍的可能性。

A growing number of studies have found that the current dietary environment not only leads to a rapid increase in obesity rates,but also causes cognitive impairment and dementia.Recent studies have shown that obesity related cognitive impairment involves a basic inhibitory process and plays an important role in diet control,suggesting that this cognitive impairment is one of the risk factors for weight gain.Here,we reviews studies related to obesity,high-calorie diets and memory,and attention inhibition deficit.Specially,attention plays an important role in the inhibition of food-related memory and affects the development of hippocampus.Finally,we concludes that the reason why the current dietary environment“obesogenic”is that more and more food cues appear and the amount of diet increases,which leads to the decline of people’s ability to resist these food cues.Therefore,improving the ability of food-related cognitive control can not only prevent obesity,but also reduce the possibility of cognitive impairment in the future.