性别在慢性应激影响情绪功能中的作用及其机制

Effects of Chronic Stress on Emotion and Neural Mechanism: Focus on Sex Difference

慢性应激损害机体健康,与焦虑症、抑郁症、精神分裂症、心血管疾病和肿瘤等多种精神和躯体疾病密切联系。参与应激反应的脑区主要有,前额叶皮质、海马和杏仁核。这些脑组织不仅调制应激反应,也受应激的影响。慢性应激对机体的影响表现出性别差异。本文将综述在人类和动物模型上慢性应激对情绪功能影响的性别差异,包括相关脑区结构和功能及性激素,对神经元功能的影响,探讨性别差异机制。

Chronic stress damages the body’s health and is closely related to various mental and physical diseases such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, cardiovascular disease and cancer. The brain regions involved in the stress response are mainly the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala, which not only modulate the stress response but also influenced by stress. The effects of chronic stress on the body show gender differences. This article will review sex differences in the effects of chronic stress on emotional function in human and animal models, including the structure and function of related brain regions and sex hormones, the effects on neuronal function, and specific mechanism.