一种基于互联网+的新型心理健康服务模式——附在新冠肺炎疫情期间的应用分析

A New Mental Health Service Model Based on the Internet+—Attached the Application of the Analysis during the COVID-19 Outbreak

目的:鉴于当前心理健康服务由原来的以“解决问题”为导向,逐步转向以“提高心理健康素质,增强心理抗压能力”为导向的趋势,本文概述了传统心理健康服务存在的问题,提出了一种基于互联网+下的新型心理健康服务模式——即以自助式服务、求助式服务和推送(主动)式服务为主要功能模块,借助于互联网(包括:移动互联网)大数据技术而实施的新型心理健康服务模式。本研究对该模式提出的背景、模式的意义以及模式的工作内容等方面进行了探讨,并探索了该模式在日常状况下以及新冠肺炎疫情期间的应用特点。方法:应用该服务模式的3个主要功能模块——自助式服务、求助式服务以及推送(主动)式服务,分别对非疫情期、疫情恐慌期、疫情平稳期3个时期的职工心理健康状态进行记录、归类及统计分析。结果:自助式服务模块非疫情期的访客对线上学习的需求为49.09%,高于疫情平稳期的23.26%;非疫情期的访客对线上测评的需求为23.92%,高于疫情高发期(16.02%)和疫情平稳期(20.30%);疫情平稳期的访客对线上调适的需求为56.44%,高于非疫情期(26.99%)和疫情高发期(35.26%);疫情高发期的访客对线上测评的需求为16.02%,低于非疫情期(23.92%)和疫情平稳期(20.30%)。求助式服务模块非疫情期的访客对网络咨询的需求为55.45%,高于疫情高发期(4.46%)和疫情平稳期(28.51%);疫情高发期的访客对电话咨询的需求为95.54%,高于非疫情期(44.55%)和疫情平稳期(71.49%)。推送(主动)式服务模块与非疫情期的检出率(29.93%)相比,疫情高发期(86.36%)明显升高,在疫情平稳期(50.46%)又降低。但,仍保持较高的水平。与非疫情期的跟踪率(82.42%)相比,疫情高发期(5.26%)明显降低,在疫情平稳期(55.96%)又升高。但,也未回到非疫情期的水平。非疫情期自助式服务模块与求助式服务模块的需求比疫情高发期的访客对求助式服务的需求分别增加了80.57%,对自助式服务的需求较非疫情期分别降低了92.93%。结语:这种基于互联网+的新型心理健康服务模式是借助于互联网而展开/提供的自助式服务、求助式服务和推送(主动)式服务,是传统心理健康服务形式所不可替代的。但,在某些特殊情况下(例如:这次新冠肺炎疫情期间,不能采用“面对面”的服务方式)它也是唯一可采用的方法。其服务形式的进一步完善以及与传统心理健康服务形式如何进行紧密结合还有待于进一步观察与实践。

Objective: In view of the current trend of mental health service from “solving problems” to “im-proving mental health quality and strengthening mental stress resistance”, this paper summarizes the problems existing in the traditional mental health service, and puts forward a new mental health service mode based on the Internet;namely, self-service, help-seeking service and push (active) service are the main functional modules;new mental health service model is based on big data technology of Internet (including Mobile Internet). In this study, the background, significance and work contents of the model were discussed, and the application characteristics of the model in daily life and during the epidemic period of NCP were explored. Methods: Applying the three main function modules of the service pattern, the mental health status of workers in non-epidemic pe-riod, epidemic panic period and epidemic stationary period were recorded, classified and statisti-cally analyzed. Results: In self-service module, 49.09% of non-epidemic period’s visitors had higher demand for online learning than 23.26% in epidemic stable period, and 23.92% in non-epidemic period’s visitors, it was higher than that in epidemic period (16.02%) and epidemic stable period (20.30%), and 56.44% in epidemic stable period, higher than that in non epidemic period (26.99%) and epidemic high period (35.26%). The demand for online assessment was 16.02% in high epidemic period, lower than that in non epidemic period (23.92%) and stable period (20.30%). In the help-seeking service module, 55.45% of the visitors in non-epidemic period had the need for Internet consultation, which was higher than that in epidemic period (4.46%) and epidemic period (28.51%), and that in epidemic period was 95.54%, higher than non-epidemic pe-riod (44.55%) and epidemic stable period (71.49%). In push (active) service module, compared with the detection rate in non-epidemic period (29.93%), the detection rate in epidemic period is 86.36% and 50.46% in the stable period of epidemic situation. There was a significant increase and a decrease. However, it remains at a high level. Compared with the non-epidemic period (82.42%), the epidemic period (5.26%) was significantly lower and the epidemic period (55.96%) was higher. But it has not returned to non-epidemic levels. Compared with the help-seeking service module and self-service module, the demand for help-seeking service by the visitors in the epidemic period increased by 80.57%, and the demand for help-seeking service decreased by 92.93%. Conclusion: This new mental health service model based on internet+ is self-service, help-seeking service and push (active) service, which cannot be replaced by traditional mental health service in non-epidemic period. However, it is also the only option available under certain exceptional circumstances, such as the “face-to-face” approach that cannot be used during this new outbreak of pneumonia. The further improvement of its service form and how to combine it with the traditional mental health service form need to be further observed and practiced.