进化心理学视阈下宽恕的心理机制

The Psychological Mechanism of Forgiveness in the Perspective of Evolutionary Psychology

进化心理学认为,宽恕的心理机制是为了应对同种侵犯的适应性问题而演化出来的。宽恕的心理机制对侵犯者的剥削风险和关系价值进行评估,并在综合考虑剥削风险和关系价值之后做出是否宽恕的决策。在这一理论框架下,一些研究探讨了剥削风险和关系价值对宽恕的影响,建立了宽恕心理机制的模型,还发现了宽恕心理机制对道歉的影响。 未来的研究需要对剥削风险和关系价值的定义和测量进行深入的研究,探索宽恕的心理机制的内在过程及其相应的神经机制。

Evolutionary psychology asserts that the psychological mechanism of forgiveness evolved in re-sponse to the adaptive problem named transgression from conspecifics. The psychological me-chanism of forgiveness assesses the exploitation risk and relationship value of the aggressor and makes a decision about whether to forgive after comparing exploitation risk and relationship value. Within this theoretical framework, several studies have explored the impact of exploitation risk and relationship value on forgiveness, modeled the psychological mechanism of forgiveness, and also found the impact of the psychological mechanism of forgiveness on apology. Future research is needed on the definition and measurement of exploitation risk and relationship value to explore the processes underlying the psychological mechanisms of forgiveness and their corresponding neural mechanisms.