青少年亲社会行为与父母教养方式的关系:良心的中介作用

The Relationship between Adolescents’ Prosocial Behavior and Parenting Styles: The Mediating Role of Conscience

目的:为考察青少年父母教养方式、良心与亲社会行为三者之间的关系,以及良心在亲社会行为与父母教养方式之间的作用。方法:采用《青少年良心问卷》、《亲社会倾向测量问卷》和《父母教养方式问卷》进行问卷调查。结果:① 父母情感温暖、父母过度保护、良心与亲社会行为两两正相关。② 母亲情感温暖和母亲过度保护能正向预测亲社会行为;③ 母亲情感温暖、父亲情感温暖和父亲过度保护能正向预测良心;④ 孝敬心、感恩心、责任心、诚信心、恻隐心能正向预测亲社会行为;⑤良心在父母教养方式与亲社会行为之间起部分中介的作用。结论:家庭教养方式既直接影响青少年的亲社会行为,也通过良心的部分中介作用影响亲社会行为。

Objective: To study the relationship among prosocial behavior, conscience, and parenting styles and to illustrate what kind of role conscience played in the relationship of pro-social behavior and parenting styles. Methods: In this study, PTM, ACQ and PBI were used for questionnaire survey. Results: ① The relationships between each pair of parental emotional warmth, parental overprotection, pro social behavior as well as conscience were significantly positive;② mother’s emotional warmth and mother’s overprotection can positively predict prosocial behavior;③ mother’s emotional warmth, father’s emotional warmth and father’s overprotection can positively predict conscience;④ filial piety, gratitude, honesty, responsibility and compassion can positively predict prosocial behavior;⑤ conscience plays a partial mediating role in the relationship of parenting styles and pro-social behavior. Conclusion: Parenting styles not only directly affect prosocial behavior among adolescents, but also influence prosocial behavior through some mediating effects of conscience.