成人依恋对情绪调节的影响及神经机制

The Effect of Adult Attachment on Emotion Regulation and its Neural Mechanism

个体婴儿期与主要照料者的互动过程会促使个体形成相对稳定的依恋风格。这种依恋风格对于理解个体情绪体验和情绪调节的方式十分重要。因此本综述整合了近年来情绪调节领域中成人依恋相关的个体差异的研究进展。本文首先介绍了依恋和情绪调节的概念、理论及一般研究方法。其次探讨了不同依恋风格个体在情绪调节能力上的差异,发现依恋焦虑和依恋回避个体存在不同类型的情绪调节能力损伤。第三,分别从不同依恋维度和不同依恋类型角度阐述了依恋对情绪调节策略使用偏好的影响。最后,整合现有神经影像学研究证明了成人依恋的个体差异与参与情绪调节的脑网络功能密切相关。未来研究可以从研究方法、被试群体、特殊依恋类型等多方面进行深入探讨,以促进对不安全依恋个体情绪调节能力和适应性策略发展的干预。

The process of interactions with primary caregivers during infancy contributes to the formation of relatively stable attachment styles, which are important for understanding individuals’ emotional experience and emotional regulation. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent research progress on individual differences of adult attachment in the field of emotion regulation. This article first introduced the concepts, theories and research methods of attachment and emotion regulation. Secondly, we explored the differences in the emotional regulation ability of individuals with different attachment styles, and found that individuals with anxious and avoidant attachment had different types of emotional regulation impairments. Thirdly, the effects of attachment on the preference of emotion regulation strategies were discussed from the perspective of different attachment dimensions and different attachment types respectively. Finally, the integration of existing neuroimaging studies demonstrated that individual differences in adult attachment were closely related to the brain network functions involved in emotion regulation. Future research can conduct further explorations from many aspects, such as research methods, subject groups, and special attachment types, so as to promote interventions in the development of emotional regulation capabilities and adaptive strategies of individuals with insecure attachment.