大学生自闭特质与共情的关系研究:情绪调节和情绪表达的中介作用

Autistic Traits and Empathy in Chinese College Students: Mediating Role of Emotional Regulation and Emotional Expression

以580名本科学生为被试,采用自闭谱系商数问卷和人际反应指数量表测量被试的自闭特质和共情能力之间的关系,并探讨情绪表达和情绪调节在其中的中介作用。结果显示,自闭特质与共情能力呈负相关;自闭特质对共情的预测可分别通过消极的情绪表达和认知重评间接地进行;积极情绪表达在自闭特质与共情之间的中介作用并不显著;自闭特质还可以通过消极情绪表达经认知重评的多重中介对共情起到预测作用。这些发现提示,提高自闭特质或者自闭症谱系障碍个体的共情能力应更加关注其情绪表达的方式和情绪调节策略的选择。

Taking 580 undergraduate students as the subjects, the autistic spectrum quotient questionnaire and the interpersonal response index scale were used to measure the relationship between the subjects’ autistic traits and empathy ability, and to explore the mediation effect of emotional ex-pression and emotional regulation. The results show that the empathy ability of autistic traits is negatively correlated;the prediction of empathy by autistic traits can be carried out indirectly through negative emotional expression and cognitive reappraisal;positive emotional expression mediates between autistic traits and empathy. The effect is not significant;autistic traits can also predict empathy through multiple mediators of cognitive reassessment through negative emo-tional expression. These findings suggest that to improve the empathy of individuals with autism or autism spectrum disorder, more attention should be paid to the way they express their emo-tions and the choice of emotion regulation strategies.