基于速度–准确性权衡的知觉学习研究综述

A Review of Perceptual Learning Based on Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff

知觉任务的表现随着练习而提高。这种知觉学习发生在所有的感觉形式中,并且具有很大的理论意义和实际意义。在知觉学习研究中,研究人员通常把焦点放在正确率上,比如d’,忽略了反应时的作用。而知觉决策是将感觉信息转化为行为的过程,有大量的研究都表明了知觉学习中除感觉加工外的高级机制的重要性。要想充分地理解知觉学习必然要考虑到训练对决策过程的影响。因此,考虑到速度–准确性权衡(SAT)现象:在给定的可辨别性水平下,更快的反应往往会产生更多的错误,正确率和反应时对于知觉学习研究来说都很重要。本文对基于速度–准确性权衡的知觉学习研究现状进行了总结,结合知觉决策论述了知觉学习背后的发生机制。

Performances on perceptual tasks improved with practice. This perceptual learning occurs in all sensory modalities and has great theoretical and practical significance. In the perceptual learning studies, researchers usually focus on accuracy, such as d’, and ignore the role of response time. Perceptual decision is the process that transfers sensory information into behavioral actions. A large number of studies have shown the importance of advanced mechanisms other than sensory processing in perceptual learning. To fully understand perceptual learning, it is necessary to consider the influence of training on decision process. Therefore, considering the speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) phenomenon: for a given level of discriminability, faster responses tend to produce more errors, accuracy and response time are both important for perceptual learning studies. This paper summarizes the research status of perceptual learning based on speed accuracy tradeoff, and discusses the mechanism behind perceptual learning with perceptual decision.