情境选择的情绪调节作用:年龄差异的探究

Emotional Regulation of Situation Selection: An Inquiry into Age Differences

情境选择,使个体按照预期的情绪来选择接近或回避情境刺激,从而达到理想的情绪状态,被认为是一种非常有效的情绪调节策略。此外,情境选择是在情绪展开之前对其进行调节,相较对已有情绪进行调节的策略而言,所用的认知资源较少。且由于老年人自身的优势和情绪目标的追求,有研究认为情境选择是老年人进行情绪调节的首选,尤其有利于老年人维持良好的情绪状态。但情境选择的使用及其有效性是否存在年龄差异,至今莫衷一是。对此本文对情境选择策略的相关文献进行梳理,旨在探讨情境选择策略的使用及效果的年龄差异,从而为后续的实证研究奠定理论基础。

Situation Selection, which enables individuals to choose an approach or avoid the situational stimulus according to the expected emotion, so as to achieve the ideal emotional state, is considered as a very effective emotion regulation strategy. In addition, Situation Selection regulates emotions before they unfold, which uses fewer cognitive resources than strategies that regulate existing emotions. Besides, due to their own advantages and pursuit of emotional goals, some studies believe that Situation Selection is the first choice of emotional regulation for the elderly, especially conducive to maintaining a good emotional state. However, whether there is an age difference in the use and effectiveness of Situation Selection is still controversial. In this paper, relevant literature on Situation Selection was reviewed to explore age differences in the use and effect of Situation Selection, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for subsequent empirical research.