强迫症的遗传候选基因综述

A Review of Genetic Candidate Genes for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

强迫症是一种亚型较多、共病复杂,同时也是最具致残性、最难治的精神疾病之一,但目前其发病机制和原因尚没有达到一致的结论。回顾以往研究,大多是从其认知机制、大脑结构、神经机制、社会因素、心理因素、遗传因素等方面进行探究。随着五羟色胺再摄取抑制剂对强迫症治疗效应得到研究证明,强迫症的基因研究成为了热点,正是由于作用于神经递质的药物治疗有一定的疗效,才向研究者指出研究强迫症遗传机制的几个候选基因的可能性。未来研究需进一步探索强迫症的基因位点多态性与强迫症发病机制和原因之间的关系,定位具体异常的基因位点,为强迫症的发病机制和原因的探究提供方向,进一步为强迫症的治疗和预防提供支持。

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most disabling and most difficult mental dis-eases with many subtypes and complex comorbidity. However, its pathogenesis and cause have not reached a consistent conclusion at present. In review of previous studies, most of them are from the cognitive mechanism, brain structure, neural mechanism, social factors, psychological factors, genetic factors and so on. As the therapeutic effect of serotonin reuptake inhibitors on obsessive-compulsive disorder has been proved, the genetic research of obsessive-compulsive disorder has become a hot topic. It is precisely because of the therapeutic effect of drugs acting on neurotransmitters that the possibility of studying several candidate genes for the genetic me-chanism of obsessive-compulsive disorder has been pointed out to researchers. Future studies should further explore the relationship between loci polymorphism and the pathogenesis and cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder, locate specific abnormal loci, provide direction for the exploration of pathogenesis and cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder, and further provide support for the treatment and prevention of obsessive-compulsive disorder.