儿童不公平厌恶的特点及影响因素

Characteristics and the Influencing Factors of Children’s Inequality Aversion

公平是人类合作行为产生和维持的核心,是人类漫长的历史活动进化而来的。不公平厌恶作为公平的一部分,对于儿童的成长和发展具有重要的作用。本文主要介绍了儿童不公平厌恶的发展特点,包括不公平厌恶的发展趋势不一致,优势和劣势不公平厌恶潜在机制的不同,儿童对于公平的不同认知的特点。此外,本文还对导致儿童不公平厌恶出现不同特点的影响因素进行了归纳,指出影响儿童不公平厌恶发展特点的影响因素包括个人特质因素,如心理理论、抑制控制以及社会文化因素包括社会价值观、社会关系。在未来的研究中,我们将致力于发现特殊儿童不公平厌恶的发展特点,促进特殊儿童教育的发展,此外,父母人格等因素对于儿童不公平厌恶的影响也将被进一步探索。

Fairness is the core of the generation and maintenance of human cooperative behavior, which is evolved from the long history of human activities. As a part of fairness, inequality aversion plays an important role in children’s growth and development. This paper mainly introduces the development characteristics of children’s inequality aversion, including the inconsistent development trend of inequality aversion, the different underlying mechanisms of advantage and disadvantage inequality aversion, and the characteristics of children’s different perceptions of fairness. In addition, this paper also summarizes the influencing factors that lead to the different characteristics of children’s inequality aversion, and points out that the influencing factors of children’s inequality aversion consisting of personal characteristics, such as theory of mind, inhibitory control, and social and cultural factors, including social values and social relations. In future research, we will strive to discover the developmental characteristics of inequality aversion in special children and promote the development of education for special children. In addition, the influence of parental personality and other factors on children’s inequality aversion will also be further explored.