新冠疫情前后大一新生心理健康状况调查

Mental Health Status of Freshmen before and after COVID-19 Epidemic

目的:调查新冠疫情前后重庆大一新生的心理健康状况,为开展大一新生心理健康教育提供参考。方法:采用整群抽样,选取2018年10月~2021年10月重庆市某高校四届大一新生心理健康普测中的《症状自评量表》(Symptom Checklist 90, SCL90)数据。结果:疫情前后大一新生SCL90各因子分及总分差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.001),疫情前各因子分及总分均比疫情防控常态化时期高。疫情前后大一新生心理健康合格率差异有统计学意义(R2 = 49.088, P < 0.001),疫情前大一新生心理健康合格率(93.0%)低于疫情防控常态化时期(95.4%)。Logistic回归分析显示,疫情防控常态化(OR = 1.481, 95% CI = 1.309~1.675)是大一新生心理健康合格的保护因素。结论:大一新生疫情防控常态化时期的心理健康整体状况比疫情前好;高校应该结合新冠疫情防控常态化的具体情况,为大一新生开展有针对性的心理健康教育。

Objective: To survey mental health status of freshmen in Chongqing before and after COVID-19 epidemic, and provide reference for mental health education for freshmen. Methods: Using cluster sampling, we selected the data of Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL90) from the mental health status of all freshmen in four grades of a university in Chongqing from October 2018 to October 2021. Results: There were significant differences in the scores of SCL90 factors and total scores of freshmen before and after COVID-19 epidemic (both P < 0.001), the scores of SCL90 factors and total scores before COVID-19 epidemic were all higher than those of the regular COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control. There were significant differences in the mental health pass rate of freshmen before and after COVID-19 epidemic (R2 = 49.088, P < 0.001), the mental health pass rate before COVID-19 epidemic 93.0% was lower than 95.4% in the regular COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control. Multivariate analysis showed that the regular regular COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control (OR = 1.481, 95% CI = 1.309~1.675) were protective factors of the qualified mental health of freshmen. Conclusion: The mental health status of freshmen in the regular COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control is better than before COVID-19 epidemic. Colleges and universities should carry out targeted mental health education for freshmen in the light of the regular COVID-19 prevention and control.