认知重评子策略对情绪调节作用的差异研究

A Study on the Differences of Cognitive Reappraisal Strategies in Emotion Regulation

认知重评可以根据对刺激的关注度分为自我关注重评和情景关注重评,当对负性情绪进行下调时则采用分离重评和积极重评。从近些年的研究中发现这些子策略是不同质的。在无意识层面上,自我关注重评比情景关注重评更有效,有意识层面上,情景关注重评能更加有效地降低负性情绪。积极重评和分离重评均可以有效地调节情绪,但是对不同的负性情绪有不同的调节效果;在时间动态和认知成本的消耗上有一定的差异,另外积极重评和分离重评的成功率有一定的年龄轨迹。

Cognitive reappraisal can be divided into self-focused reappraisal and situational reappraisal ac-cording to the attention to stimuli. When negative emotions are downplayed, dissociative reap-praisal and positive reappraisal are used. In recent years, it is found that these substrategies are of different qualities. On the unconscious level, self-focused reappraisal is more effective than situational focused reappraisal, and on the conscious level, situational focused reappraisal can reduce negative emotions more effectively. Both positive reappraisal and dissociative reappraisal can regulate emotions effectively, but they have different regulating effects on different negative emotions. There are some differences in time dynamics and cognitive cost consumption. In addition, the success rate of positive reappraisal and dissociative reappraisal has a certain age trajectory.