亲子依恋对青少年抑郁的影响:一个有调节的中介模型

The Impact of Parent-Child Attachment on Adolescent Depression: A Moderated Mediation Model

目的:探讨亲子依恋对青少年抑郁的影响,以及无法忍受不确定性和情绪调节灵活性在其中的作用机制。方法:采用亲子依恋问卷、无法忍受不确定性问卷、情绪调节灵活性问卷和流调中心抑郁量表对1098名青少年进行问卷调查。结果:1) 亲子依恋与情绪调节灵活性呈显著正相关(r = 0.39, p < 0.001),与无法忍受不确定性和抑郁呈显著负相关(r = −0.33, p < 0.001) (r = −0.57, p < 0.001);2) 无法忍受不确定性在亲子依恋和抑郁之间起部分中介作用;3) 情绪调节灵活性能够调节无法忍受不确定性对抑郁的影响,相比情绪调节灵活性较高的青少年,无法忍受不确定性对抑郁的预测作用在情绪调节灵活性较低的青少年中更加显著。结论:安全的亲子依恋可以减少青少年抑郁的风险,而情绪调节灵活性可以缓解不确定情境中个体的认知偏差所带来的负面影响。

Objective: To explore the impact of parent-child attachment on depression in adolescents, and the mechanism of intolerance of uncertainty and emotional regulation flexibility. Methods: A questionnaire survey among 1098 adolescents was conducted using the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS), Emotional regulation Flexibility scale (ERF) and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D). Results: 1) Parent-child attachment was significantly positively correlated with emotional regulation flexibility (r = 0.39, p < 0.001), and significantly negatively correlated with intolerance of uncertainty and depression (r = −0.33, p < 0.001) (r = −0.57, p < 0.001);2) Intolerance of uncertainty played a partial mediating role between parent-child attachment and depression;3) Emotional regulation flexibility can moderate the effect of intolerance of uncertainty on depression. Compared with adolescents with high flexibility of emotion regulation, intolerance of uncertainty for prediction of depression is more significant among adolescents with lower emotion regulation flexibility. Conclusion: Secure parent-child attachment can reduce the risk of depression in adolescents, while emotional regulation flexibility can alleviate the negative effects of cognitive biases in individuals in uncertain situations.