大学生垃圾分类行为的影响因素分析——基于社会规范视角

Analysis on Influencing Factors of College Students’ Waste Sorting Behavior—From the Perspective of Social Norms

基于计划行为理论和规范焦点理论,从社会规范的视角构建大学生垃圾分类行为影响因素模型,通过对全国高校大学生进行问卷调查,运用结构方程模型分析社会规范等变量对于大学生垃圾分类行为的影响。研究结果表明:1) 大学生的垃圾分类态度及意愿水平较高,但行为还存在一定差距,呈现出“知行不合一”的情况;2) 大学生的个人道德规范对垃圾分类意愿及行为均有显著正向影响,描述性规范对垃圾分类行为有显著正向影响,且对垃圾分类行为的影响最大,而禁令性规范无显著影响。3) 中介效应研究表明,个人道德规范和描述性规范能够通过态度和感知行为控制进而影响垃圾分类意愿及行为。据此,文章从社会规范视角为高校亲环境教育提出建议。

Based on the theory of planned behavior and the theory of normative focus, we construct a model of factors influencing college students’ garbage sorting behavior from the perspective of social norms, and analyze the influence of variables such as social norms on college students’ garbage sorting behavior by using structural equation modeling through a questionnaire survey of college students in national universities. The results show that: 1) College students’ attitudes and willingness to sort garbage are high, but there is still a certain gap in their behaviors, showing a “lack of unity between knowledge and action”;2) College students’ personal moral norms have significant positive effects on both willingness and behavior to sort garbage, and the garbage sorting behavior was most affected by descriptive norms, while the prohibitive norms have no significant influence;3) The mediating effect study showed that personal moral norms and descriptive norms can influence the intention and behavior of waste classification through attitude and perceived behavior control. Accordingly, the article makes suggestions for pro-environmental education in colleges and universities from the perspective of social norms.