大学生成人依恋类型、人际信任和爱情态度的调查分析

Survey and Analysis of College Students’ Adult Attachment Styles, Interpersonal Trust and Attitudes towards Love

目的:调查大学生成人依恋类型、人际信任和爱情态度的总体状况。方法:为方便取样,采用亲密关系经历量表(ECR)、人际信任量表(ITS)和爱情态度量表(LAS)对广东省四所高校在校大学生进行问卷实测,回收有效问卷531份,有效率为95%。结果显示:1) 成人依恋在父母是否离异方面得分存在显著差异,父母离异的被试在依恋焦虑维度总体得分显著高于父母未离异被试(t = 4.263, p < 0.001),同时在依恋回避维度得分也显著高于父母未离异被试(t = 4.35, p < 0.001),成人依恋在不同性别、是否独生、是否恋爱、不同生源、不同专业、不同年级等变量上得分均无明显差异。2) 人际信任方面,非独生子女被试得分显著高于独生子女被试(t = 4.595, p < 0.001),父母未离异被试得分显著高于父母离异被试(t = 4.25, p < 0.001),恋爱被试得分显著高于未恋爱被试(t = 4.155, p < 0.001)。随着年级的提升被试人际信任总体得分呈递增趋势(F = 2.840, p < 0.01)。安全型成人依恋类型的被试在人际信任上得分明显高于其他类型(F = 6.069, p < 0.05)。3) 爱情态度方面,在爱情态度中男生在浪漫爱、游戏爱两个维度得分显著高于女生(p < 0.001),在占有爱维度,男生得分明显高于女生(p < 0.01),女生在友谊爱与现实爱维度得分显著高于男生(p < 0.05);非独生子女在爱情态度量表中友谊爱维度得分显著高于独生子女(p < 0.001)。4) 成人依恋类型在爱情态度上的差异,迷恋型成人依恋被试在浪漫爱、游戏爱、占有爱维度得分均高于其他依恋类型(p < 0.001),安全型依恋被试友谊爱维度得分显著高于其他依恋类型(F = 3.950, p < 0.001),奉献爱得分明显高于其他依恋类型(F = 4.333, p < 0.01)。结论:父母离异是影响大学生成人依恋类型和人际信任发展的重要因素,大学生人际信任和爱情态度随着其年龄的增长会持续发展。

Objective: To investigate the adult attachment style, interpersonal trust and love attitude of college students. Methods: For convenient sampling, the intimate Relationship Experience Scale (ECR), Intepersonal Trust Scale (ITS) and Love Attitude Scale (LAS) were used to survey the college students in four universities in Guangdong Province. 531 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 95%. The results showed that: 1) The subjects whose parents were divorced had a significantly higher overall score in the dimension of attachment anxiety than those whose parents were not divorced (t = 4.263, p < 0.001), and a significantly higher score in the dimension of attachment avoidance than those whose parents were not divorced (t = 4.35, p < 0.001), there were no significant differences in adult attachment scores of different gender, single child, love, different students, different majors, different grades and other variables. 2) In terms of interpersonal trust, the scores of the non-only child subjects were significantly higher than that of the only child subjects (t = 4.595, p < 0.001), those whose parents were not divorced scored significantly higher than those whose parents were divorced (t = 4.25, p < 0.001), love subjects scored significantly higher than non-love subjects (t = 4.155, p < 0.001). With the improvement of grade, the overall score of interpersonal trust showed an increasing trend (F = 2.840, p < 0.01). Secure adult attachment type subjects scored significantly higher on interpersonal trust than other attachment types (F = 6.069, p < 0.05). 3) In the aspect of love attitude, male students scored significantly higher than female students in romantic love and game love (p < 0.001), in the possessive love dimension, male students scored higher than female students (p < 0.01), the score of friendship love and realistic love of girls was significantly higher than that of boys (p < 0.05);The score of friendship and love dimension in the love attitude scale of non-only children is significantly higher than that of only children (p < 0.001). 4) The differences of adult attachment types in love attitude, infatuated adult attachment subjects in romantic love, play love, possession love dimension scores were higher than other attachment types (p < 0.001), secure attachment subjects scored significantly higher in friendship and love dimension than other attachment types (F = 3.950, p < 0.001), devotion was significantly higher than other attachment types (F = 4.333, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Parental divorce is an important factor affecting the development of adult attachment style and interpersonal trust of college students. Interpersonal trust and love attitude of college students will continue to develop with the growth of age.