死亡凸显对大学生群际信任的影响——一般信任的调节作用

Mortality Salience Effect on Intergroup Trust of University Students—Moderation of General Trust

死亡凸显效应是恐惧管理理论最重要的假设之一,指当个体意识到自身的死亡时,为了缓冲存在性焦虑而发生行为和态度的变化。已有研究发现死亡凸显导致个体对内群体成员的评价优于外群体,即群际态度的内群体偏好。本研究以大学生为对象,使用最简群体范式和信任博弈范式探究了死亡凸显对于群际信任的影响。结果显示:死亡凸显对大学生群际信任的效应受到个体一般信任的调节,一般信任较低的个体在死亡凸显条件下的内群体偏好低于控制条件,而一般信任较高的个体在死亡凸显条件下的内群体偏好高于控制条件。

Mortality salience effect is one of the most assumptions of terror management theory. It suggested that the reminder of individual’s own death can elicit worldview defense to buffer existential anxiety. It has been found that mortality salience led to improved attitude towards ingroup members comparing to outgroup members, i.e., ingroup bias. The current study tested the mortality salience effect on intergroup trust of university students, suggesting that mortality salience on intergroup trust was moderated by individuals’ general trust. Ingroup bias of trust increased after mortality salience in those high in general trust, and decreased in those who were low in general trust.