公众风险认知、人格特质与应对方式的关系研究

Research on the Relationship between Public Risk Cognition, Personality Traits and Coping Styles

本研究采用艾森克人格特质量表(EPQ-RSC)、风险认知问卷、应对方式调查问卷,探讨公众的人格特质、风险认知和应对方式这三者的特点及其之间的关系。调查结果显示公众的风险认知、人格特质和应对方式之间存在相关关系。对新冠肺炎疫情越了解和认为此次疫情越可控,则会使公众产生积极的应对措施;而如果对此次疫情越担忧,则越可能产生未证实或者消极的应对方式;精神质水平越高的人越认为事件是可控的;外倾性水平越高的人越认为对此次疫情了解;神经质水平越高的人越认为对此次疫情不了解,对疫情越恐惧;越外向的人,越倾向于采取积极措施,而情绪不稳定的人更倾向于采取消极措施。因此在对于突发性公共卫生事件的危机干预中,要重点关注神经质水平较高的人群,让公众了解疫情的发展,进行差异化的干预方式。

In this study, the Eysenck Personality Quality Scale (EPQ-RSC), the Risk Perception Questionnaire, and the Coping Style Questionnaire were used to explore the characteristics and relationships be-tween personality traits, risk perception and coping styles in the public. The survey results show a correlation between the public’s risk perception, personality traits and coping styles. The more you understand the new crown pneumonia epidemic and believe that the epidemic is more controllable, the more positive the public will respond;And the more worried you are about the outbreak, the more likely it is to have an unproven or negative response;The higher the level of mental quality, the more people think that events are controllable;The higher the level of extraversion, the more people think they know about the outbreak;The higher the level of neuroticism, the more people think that they do not understand the epidemic and the more they fear the epidemic;The more ex-troverted people are, the more likely they are to take positive measures, while emotionally unsta-ble people are more likely to take negative measures. Therefore, in the crisis intervention for public health emergencies, it is necessary to focus on people with high levels of neuroticism, so that the public can understand the development of the epidemic and carry out differentiated intervention methods.