积极心理学视域下中小学教师职业倦怠的缓解路径研究

Study on the Relieving Path of Job Burnout of Primary and Secondary School Teachers from the Perspective of Positive Psychology

当前经济科技迅速发展的社会满足了人们物质生活的需要,但紧张的工作压力让中小学教师职业倦怠愈加明显。情感衰竭、去人性化、个人成就感降低体现得淋漓尽致。积极心理学倡导肯定人的优点与积极体验,倡导通过养成积极人格,用乐观健康的心理来增强人生的幸福指数。本文在分析教师职业倦怠形成因素的同时,在积极心理学的视角下,根据积极人格的三要素即主观幸福感、自我决定性、乐观来帮助中小学教师养成积极人格,缓解职业倦怠。鼓励教师做到:保持宽容,过松弛人生,增强主观幸福感;不忘初心,将工作转化为热爱,拥有自我决定性;客观归因,向内自我鼓励,乐观面对教师生活。帮助教师有效缓解职业倦怠心理,增强职业认同感与成就感,提升幸福指数。

At present, the rapid development of economy and technology meets the needs of people’s material life, but the intense work pressure makes the job burnout of primary and secondary school teachers more and more obvious. Emotional exhaustion, dehumanization, and reduced personal achieve-ment are vividly reflected. Positive psychology advocates affirming people’s advantages and posi-tive experience, advocating through the development of positive personality, with optimistic and healthy psychology to enhance the happiness index of life. In this paper, while analyzing the forma-tive factors of teacher burnout, from the perspective of positive psychology, this paper helps pri-mary and secondary school teachers develop positive personality and alleviate job burnout accord-ing to the three elements of positive personality, namely subjective well-being, self-determination and optimism. Encourage teachers to: maintain tolerance, live a relaxed life, and enhance subjective well-being;stay true to their original intention, transform work into passion, and possess self-determination;engage in internal self-encouragement through objective attribution and face the teaching profession with optimism. This helps teachers effectively alleviate their psychological burnout, enhance their sense of professional identity and achievement, and improve their happi-ness index.