极化心理下的青少年网络民族主义:建构逻辑与祛负之策

Adolescent Cybernationalism in a Polarized Psyche: Constructive Logic and Strategies for Eliminating Negative Meanings

青少年基于偶像崇拜建构心理认同,进而形成“各自为阵”的迷群心理和“群体极化”的冲突样态,在社交媒体时代逐渐演化为一种表演式的民族主义逻辑。从极化理论出发,由“迷群”建立起来的青少年网络社群,通过社交媒体表达民族主义倾向,是青少年拒绝成为全球文化浪潮中的“沉默失语者”而对自身和国家命运的维护与关切,其显现出人文性、阵营化、具身性和遮蔽性的四大特征。通过对我国青少年网络民族主义的兴起和建构逻辑的厘清,其经历了开端、转向和建构三大阶段,建构过程遵循着从正式化向日常化、集体规约化向个体主体化、离身化向具身化的逻辑。其存在缺乏共同价值基础和理想网络秩序两大问题,要培养具有主体意识、公民意识的青少年网民,就需要培育新的文化特质;打造优良同辈群体,突破秩序渴望;开设网络民族主义通识课,满足观念合意的心理诉求。

Adolescents construct psychological identities based on idolatry, and then form the fanaticism of “separate formation” and the conflict pattern of “group polarization”, which gradually evolve into a performative nationalist logic in the age of social media. From the perspective of polarization theory, the youth network community established by “enthusiast groups” expresses its nationalist tendency through social media, which is the youth’s defense and concern for their own destiny and that of the country by refusing to be the “silent aphasia” in the global cultural wave. It is characterized by four main features: humanism, camping, embodiment and concealment. By clarifying the logic of the rise and construction of youth cybernationalism in China, it has gone through three major stages, namely, the beginning, the turning and the construction, and the process of construction follows the logic from formalization to daily life, from collective statute to individual subjectivity, and from disembodiment to embodiment. There are two major problems: lack of common value foundation and ideal network order. In order to cultivate young netizens with subjective consciousness and civic awareness, it is necessary to cultivate new cultural traits, create excellent peer groups to break through the desire for order, and offer a general class on cybernationalism to satisfy the psychological demand of conceptual consensualism.