元宇宙热潮背后的驱动力——以心理学为视角

The Driving Forces behind the Metaverse Craze—A Psychological Perspective

元宇宙已成为教育、文化、科技、娱乐等诸多领域关注和研究的热点。元宇宙热潮背后有着深层次的人类心理学原因,深入解析相关心理现象和原理,对于认清元宇宙中人类的现实需求及推动元宇宙未来设计、规划和建设至关重要。此文采用系统的分析方法,从元宇宙的概念和特征开始,着眼于其思想源头、产生的现实背景、需求满足、社交、应用、体验、主体、数字永生、负面效应、终极目标等方面,试图以马斯洛需求层次理论、梦境理论、游戏理论、沉浸理论等心理学相关理论加以分析,为相关研究提供参考。

The Metaverse has become a prominent topic of interest and research in various fields, including education, culture, science and technology, and entertainment. The increasing enthusiasm for the Metaverse can be attributed to deep-rooted human psychological motivation. Therefore, it is im-perative to understand these psychological phenomena and principles comprehensively to recog-nize human beings’ realistic needs and promote the Metaverse’s future design, planning, and con-struction. This paper employs a systematic literature review approach to explore the conception and features of the Metaverse, such as its ideological origin, real-world background, individual needs it meets, social interaction, subjective experience, digital immortality, adverse effects, and ultimate goal. Additionally, this paper attempts to interpret them by referencing various psycho-logical theories, including Maslow’s hierarchy theory of needs, dream theory, game theory, immer-sion theory, and others, to provide insights for future research.