父母期望对中学生心理健康的影响

The Influence of Parental Expectations on the Mental Health of Middle School Students

目的:本研究旨在了解父母期望和中学生心理健康的现状,以及父母期望对中学生心理健康的影响。方法:采用父母期望量表、中学生心理健康量表对1356对父母及其子女进行问卷调查。结果:中学生总体心理健康得分均值为1.82,但心理问题为轻度及以上的占32.5%;整体父母期望与其它维度期望的得分(除未来成就期望外)均在4分以上;父母的人际关系、品行表现和身心素质期望与子女心理健康有显著相关性,学业表现期望和未来成就期望与中学生心理健康没有显著相关;父母期望可以预测子女心理健康。结论:1) 中学生心理健康状况整体较为平稳但仍存在一定问题;2) 父母期望整体处于较高水平;3) 父母期望与子女心理健康得分呈负相关,且能负向预测子女心理健康得分,说明较高的父母期望(尤其是人际关系、品行表现和身心素质期望)有利于子女心理健康。

Objective: The purpose of this study is to understand the status quo of parental expectations and middle school students’ mental health, and the influence of parental expectations on middle school students’ mental health. Methods: 1356 parents and their children were investigated with Parental Expectations Scale and Middle School Students Mental Health Scale. Results: The average mental health score of middle school students is 1.82, but the students with mild mental problems account for 32.5%;the scores of overall parental expectation and other dimensions of expectation (except future achievement expectation) are above 4 points;parents’ expectations of interpersonal relationship, moral performance and physical and mental quality have significant correlation with children’s mental health, but academic performance expectations and future achievement expectations have no significant correlation with middle school students’ mental health. Parental expectations can predict their children’s mental health. Conclusion: 1) The overall mental health status of middle school students is relatively stable but there are still some problems;2) parents’ expectations are at a high level;3) parental expectations are negatively correlated with children’s mental health scores, and can negatively predict children’s mental health scores, indicating that higher parental expectations (especially interpersonal relationship, moral performance and physical and mental quality expectations) are conducive to children’s mental health.