认知行为治疗抑郁的理论基础

Theoretical Basis of Cognitive Behavioral Treatment of Depression

抑郁症是全球范围内最常见的精神健康问题之一,对个体、家庭和社会造成了重大影响。根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的数据,全球抑郁症患者超过2.64亿人,是全球第一大疾病。治疗抑郁症的认知行为疗法(CBT)是一种很有发展前景和有效的治疗方法。CBT包括行为干预(直接试图通过改变行为来减少功能失调的情绪和行为)和认知干预(试图通过改变个人评估和思维模式来减少功能失调的情绪和行为)。认知行为疗法(CBT)治疗抑郁症的理论基础建立在认知理论之上,有代表性的是Aaron T. Beck的认知模型。CBT在实际应用中也存在一些问题,一是忽视了咨访关系的作用,二是忽视了认知背后的情感和情绪因素的动力性作用。认知行为疗法在近几年与积极心理学的结合越来越紧密,治疗趋于短程,更加强调经济性和社会效益。本综述着眼于认知行为的方法,从自我认知和情绪动力学的视角阐明CBT对于抑郁障碍患者治疗的作用。本综述的研究方法主要是文献检索,并且主要由作者开展。作者通过对文献进行依从性,信度和效度的检验,最终确定了16篇较为符合本综述主题的文献进行讨论分析。

Depression is one of the most common mental health problems worldwide, which has a significant impact on individuals, families and society. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are more than 264 million people with depression worldwide, which is the largest disease in the world. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression is a promising and effective treatment. CBT includes behavioral intervention (directly trying to reduce dysfunctional emotions and behaviors by changing behaviors) and cognitive intervention (trying to reduce dysfunctional emotions and behaviors by changing personal assessment and thinking patterns). The theoretical basis of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of depression is based on cognitive theory, and the representative is Aaron T. Beck’s cognitive model. There are also some problems in the practical application of CBT, one is to ignore the role of the consultation relationship, and the other is to ignore the dynamic role of the emotional and emotional factors behind cognition. In recent years, cognitive behavioral therapy has become more and more closely integrated with positive psychology. Treatment tends to be short-term, with more emphasis on economic and social benefits. This review focuses on the method of cognitive behavior, and illustrates the role of CBT in the treatment of patients with depressive disorder from the perspective of self-cognition and emotional dynamics. The research method of this review is mainly literature retrieval, and it is mainly carried out by the author. Through the test of compliance, credibility and validity of the literature, the author finally identified 16 documents that are more in line with the theme of this review for discussion and analysis.