青少年文化认同的心理结构、发展趋势和影响因素

The Psychological Structure, Development Trends, and Influencing Factors of Cultural Identity among Adolescents

文化认同是人们对于文化的倾向性共识与认可。个体通常在青春期前期对自己的民族和文化进行探索,并在17岁左右形成比较稳定的民族认同和文化认同。文化认同主要包括两类模型,第一类将文化认同划分为认知、情感、意志和行为意向等维度;第二类将文化认同分为文化符号认同、文化身份认同和价值文化认同三个层级。青少年的文化认同主要受父母受教育水平、家庭社会经济地位、社会支持、个体自尊水平以及大众媒介等因素的影响。未来研究可以根据文化认同的心理结构、发展趋势和影响因素,更有针对性地培育青少年的文化认同。

Cultural identity is people’s biased consensus and recognition of culture. Individuals typically explore their ethnic and cultural identity during early adolescence, and form a relatively stable ethnic and cultural identity around the age of 17. Cultural identity mainly includes two types of models. The first type divides cultural identity into dimensions such as cognition, emotion, will, and behavioral intention;the second category divides cultural identity into three levels: cultural symbol identity, cultural identity, and cultural value identity. The cultural identity of adolescents is mainly influenced by factors such as parental education level, family socio-economic status, social support, individual self-esteem level, and mass media. Future research can cultivate cultural identity among adolescents in a more targeted manner based on the psychological structure, development trends, and influencing factors of cultural identity.