童年逆境与精神健康——情绪反应和执行功能的中介与调节作用

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health—The Mediating and Moderating Role of Emotional Reactivity and Executive Function

童年逆境经历与精神病理风险的增加有关,越来越多的研究开始关注童年逆境和精神健康之间的风险因素和保护因素。本文总结了童年逆境对大脑神经发育影响的已有研究,依据童年逆境的维度模型和跨诊断模型,梳理了童年逆境影响精神健康的研究领域中,关于情绪反应(心理弹性和经验性回避)和执行功能(抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性)的中介与调节效应的研究,并展望了在此细分领域未来可能的研究方向。

Adverse childhood experiences are associated with an increased risk of psychopathology, and an increasing number of studies are beginning to focus on the risk and protective factors between childhood adversity and mental health. This article summarizes existing research on the impact of childhood adversity on brain neurodevelopment, and based on the dimensional model of childhood adversity and the transdiagnostic model, it organizes research on the mediating and moderating effects of emotional responses (psychological resilience and experiential avoidance) and executive functions (inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility) in the field of how childhood adversity affects mental health. It also provides a prospective outlook on potential future research directions within this specialized area.