主观经济稀缺感和决策情境对个体风险偏好的影响

The Impact of Subjective Economic Scarcity and Decision-Making Situations on Individual Risk Preferences

目的:考察主观经济稀缺感和决策情境对个体风险偏好的影响。方法:采用经济稀缺心理量表(Psychological Inventory of Financial Scarcity, PIFS)测量个体的主观经济稀缺感,采用风险决策问卷测量个体的风险偏好。结果:1) 损失情境下的风险偏好指数显著高于获益情境下的风险偏好指数;2) 主观经济稀缺感和决策情境的交互作用显著,具体来说,损失情境下,高主观经济稀缺感被试的风险偏好指数与低主观经济稀缺感被试的风险偏好指数不存在显著差异;反之,获益情境下,高主观经济稀缺感被试的风险偏好指数显著低于低主观经济稀缺感被试的风险偏好指数。结论:主观经济稀缺感对个体风险偏好的影响受决策情境的调节。

Objective: To investigate the influence of subjective economic scarcity and decision-making situations on individual risk preferences. Methods: The Psychological Inventory of Financial Scarcity (PIFS) was used to measure individuals’ subjective economic scarcity, and a risk decision questionnaire was used to measure individuals’ risk preferences. Results: 1) The risk preference index in loss scenarios was significantly higher than that in gain scenarios;2) There was a significant interaction between subjective economic scarcity and decision-making situations. Specifically, in loss scenarios, there was no significant difference in the risk preference index between individuals with high subjective economic scarcity and those with low subjective economic scarcity;conversely, in gain scenarios, the risk preference index of individuals with high subjective economic scarcity was significantly lower than that of individuals with low subjective economic scarcity. Conclusion: The influence of subjective economic scarcity on individual risk preferences is moderated by decision-making situations.