大学生希望与亲社会行为的关系:领悟社会支持、共情的中介作用与遮蔽效应

The Relationship between College Students’ Hope and Prosocial Behavior: The Mediating Role and Masking Effect of Perceived Social Support and Empathy

目的:探究大学生希望、领悟社会支持、共情和亲社会行为的关系,以揭示其如何通过心理机制影响亲社会行为,并阐明其间的作用路径。方法:采用领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、成人特质希望量表(ADHS)、人际反应指针量表(IRI)、亲社会意图问卷(PBIS),于2023年3~6月对山东省济南市某高校1000名大学生进行调查。结果:① 希望与大学生亲社会行为和领悟社会支持呈显著正相关(r = 0.23, 0.34, p p p p Objectives: To investigate the connection between hope and prosocial behavior, prosocial behavior, empathy and perceived social support of college students, and to clarify the path of action. Methods: The Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and a Prosocial Behavioral Intentions Scale (PBIS) were used to investigate 1000 college students in a university in Jinan, Shandong Province from March to June 2023. Results: ① Hope was positively correlated with prosocial behavior and perceived social support (r = 0.23, 0.34, p p p p < 0.001). ② The mediating effect test shows that the direct effect of hope on college students’ prosocial behavior is significant, and the effect value is 0.077. Perceived social support plays a separate mediating role between college students’ hope and prosocial behavior, with an effect value of 0.22. Empathy has a masking effect between college students’ hope and prosocial behavior, and the effect value is −0.049. In addition, perceived social support and empathy play a chain mediating role between college students’ hope and prosocial behavior, and the mediating effect value is 0.014. Conclusions: Prosocial behavior can be increased by improving the level of hope, perceived social support and empathy of college students.