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“双减”背景下青岛市中小学体育教学的机遇与挑战

Opportunities and Challenges of Physical Education Teaching in Primary and Secondary Schools in Qingdao under
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摘要 中国是一个幅员辽阔的人口大国。中国有51万所中小学,学生约2.3亿人。中小学生的身体素质关乎着全体中华民族的整体素质,所以进行运动教学研究有很大的现实意义。从中小学素质教育出发,校园体育在全面建成小康社会中起到了举足轻重的作用,它是我国体育优先发展的战略重点。它肩负发展中小学生运动素养的重大任务,在“素质教育”中具有非常关键的战略地位。认真搞好校园体育运动工作,对于提高中小学生体格发展、身心健康和体质有着重要的意义。通过对青岛中小学校体育课情况的调研数据分析,全面掌握了青岛中小学校体育课的基本状况,查找青岛中小学校体育课所面临的主要问题,并提供措施与意见,为地方教育部门进一步规范校园体育课工作提供了依据。经过对青岛十所中小学师生情况的调查,大致结果如下:1) 青岛广大中小学生普遍喜爱体育课,学习动机明确;可以通过各种渠道全面掌握并熟悉体育运动的基本知识,但课程单一、教学条件欠缺、学生的自我感觉及身体状况不好等原因,对学生的运动兴趣有负面影响:2) 青岛市农村中小学校专职体育教师数量相对较少;学校体育老师的学历水平未能满足国家有关规定;学校体育老师的教学工作量过大,对老师进行训练很少,教师思想不稳定。3) 青岛市中小学体育课资源被其他学科所挤占,而体育教师对《体育与健康标准》的认识与实施也亟需进一步完善。4) 青岛市中小学体育场馆建设严重滞后。根据青岛市中小学生运动调查中出现的问题,给出了具体的措施:1) 充分调动中小学生的运动积极性,调动中小学生的运动激情;2) 补充和稳固体育教师队伍;3) 注重农村体育教师的继续教育,做好教师培养;4) 发掘利用已有的资源,改变物质条件。为推动青岛市中小学体育持续健康发展,为青岛市教育部门加强体育教学改革提供参考。 China is a vast and populous country. There are 510,000 primary and secondary schools in China, with about 230 million students. The physical fitness of primary and secondary school students is related to the overall quality of the entire Chinese nation, so it is of great practical significance to carry out sports teaching and research. Starting from the quality education of primary schools, campus sports have played a pivotal role in building a well-off society in an all-round way, and it is the strategic focus of China’s sports priority development. It shoulders the important task of de-veloping the athletic literacy of primary and secondary school students and has a very crucial strategic position in “quality education”. Conscientiously doing a good job in campus sports is of great significance to improving the physical development, physical and mental health and physique of primary and secondary school students. Through the investigation and data analysis of physical education classes in Qingdao primary and secondary schools, the basic situation of physical education classes in Qingdao primary and secondary schools was fully grasped, the main problems faced by physical education classes in Qingdao primary and secondary schools were found, and measures and opinions were provided, which provided a basis for local education departments to further standardize the work of campus physical education classes. After the investigation of the situation of teachers and students in ten primary and secondary schools in Qingdao, the general results are as follows: 1) The majority of primary and secondary school students in Qingdao generally love physical education classes and have clear motivations for learning;it is possible to fully grasp and familiarize yourself with the basic knowledge of sports through various channels;reasons such as single curriculum, lack of teaching conditions, and students’ self-perception and poor physical condition have a negative impact on students’ interest in sports;2) The number of full-time physical education teachers in rural primary and secondary schools in Qingdao is relatively small;the academic level of the school’s physical education teachers cannot meet the relevant provisions of the state;the teaching workload of the school physical education teacher is too large, the teacher is rarely trained, and the teacher’s thinking is unstable. 3) Qingdao primary and secondary school physical education resources are crowded out by other disciplines, and the understanding and implementation of physical education teachers on the “Physical Education and Health Standards” also need to be further improved. 4) The construction of primary and secondary school sports venues in Qingdao is seriously lagging behind. According to the problems that arose in the survey of primary and secondary school students in Qingdao, specific measures were given: 1) Fully mobilize the sports enthusiasm of primary and secondary school students and mobilize the sports enthusiasm of primary and secondary school students;2) Supplement and stabilize the team of physical education teachers;3) Pay attention to the continuing education of rural physical education teachers and do a good job in teacher training;4) Explore and utilize existing resources and change material conditions, in order to promote the sustained and healthy development of physical education in primary and secondary schools in Qingdao, and to provide a reference for the Qingdao municipal education department to strengthen the reform of physical education teaching.
出处 《体育科学进展》 2023年第2期457-467,共11页 Advances in Physical Sciences
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