四川省老年人积极老龄化现状及其影响因素研究

Research on the Current Situation of Active Aging of the Elderly in Sichuan Province and Its Influencing Factors

目的:了解四川省老年人积极老龄化水平及其影响因素。方法:采用方便抽样的方法,使用积极老龄化量表对四川省21个城市的924位老年人的积极老龄化水平进行测量。结果:四川省老年人积极老龄化得分为(100.70 ± 17.52)分,处于中等水平;其中自理能力得分最高(22.14 ± 4.09)分,积极学习并融入社会得分最低(18.89 ± 5.20)分。积极老龄化得分在年龄、居住地、婚姻状况、居住形式、文化程度、月收入水平、社区是否有老年活动设施、是否从事心理学相关专业、对心理学专业服务熟悉程度方面差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,年龄、月收入水平、文化程度、社区是否有老年活动设施、对心理健康服务熟悉程度对四川省老年人积极老龄化水平具有一定预测作用(P < 0.05)。结论:四川省老年人的积极老龄化水平有较大提升空间,应重视并关爱老年人心理健康、加强老年人社区活动建设、提升护理人员水平、建立健全老年人社会保障政策、积极推进坚持以人民为中心,积极应对人口老龄化的长期规划。

Purposes: To investigate the active aging of the elderly in Sichuan Province and its influencing factors. Methods: The convenience sampling was used to measure the level of active aging of 924 older adults in 21 cities in Sichuan Province using the active aging scale. Results: The active aging score of the elderly in Sichuan province is (100.70 ± 17.52), which is in the medium level. The score of self-care ability is the highest (22.14 ± 4.09), and the score of actively learning and integrating into society is the lowest (18.89 ± 5.20). Active aging score in age, marital status, place of residence, living form, education, income level, community have facilities for senior citizens, whether engaged in psychology related, familiarity with professional services in psychology are correlated with the total score of active aging (P ˂ 0.05). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis shows that age, education, income level, community have facilities for senior citizens, familiarity with professional services in psychology for the elderly active aging level in Sichuan Province has a certain prediction function (P ˂ 0.05). Conclusions: The level of active aging of the elderly in Sichuan Province has a large space for improvement. It is necessary to pay attention to and care for the mental health of the elderly, strengthen the construction of community activities for the elderly, improve the level of nursing staff, establish and improve the social security policy for the elderly, and actively promote the long-term plan of taking people as the center and actively dealing with the aging population.