当前应对人口老龄化问题的政策体系研究

Research on the Current Policy System for Coping with the Problem of Population Ageing

人口老龄化是指社会人口结构呈现老年状态,进入老龄化社会。我国在2000年进入老龄化社会,可以说是“未富先老”。人口老龄化问题成为当前亟待解决的社会问题,为了社会的可持续发展,国家出台一系列政策措施加以应对。人口老龄化是生育率降低和人口预期寿命提高所合力铸就,从人口老龄化的成因来看,可以将当前政策分为缓解少子型老龄化的过程干预政策体系和针对长寿型老龄化的结果干预政策体系。

Population ageing refers to the fact that the demographic structure of a society has become old and has entered an ageing society. China entered an ageing society in 2000, which can be described as “ageing before it gets rich”. Population ageing has become a social problem that needs to be solved urgently, and the State has introduced a series of policies and measures to cope with it for the sake of the sustainable development of society. Population ageing is the result of the combined efforts of a lower fertility rate and higher life expectancy. From the perspective of the causes of population ageing, current policies can be divided into a process-intervention policy system to alleviate childless ageing and an outcome-intervention policy system to address longevity-type ageing.