公众理解科学:中国核电建设公众接受的实证研究

Public Understanding of Science: An Empirical Study on Public Acceptance of Nuclear Power Construction in China

为了探讨公众对于拟建核电站的接受度的影响因素,本文对全国范围内拟建核电站地区进行了问卷调查,以公众理解科学理论为基础确定了与拟建核电站的公众接受度相关的因素。结果发现作为“表面心理学”因素的感知利益和感知风险显著影响公众接受度;作为“深层心理学”因素的情感认同和社会信任显著影响公众接受度,而感知知识却不能。当公众不了解核电站时,他们更倾向于通过情感认同和社会信任来评估利益和风险,而不是通过基于具体事实的纯理性推论。

In order to explore the factors influencing the public acceptance of the planned nuclear power plants,this paper conducted a questionnaire survey in the planned nuclear plants’areas nationwide,and identified the factors that are correlated with public acceptance of planned nuc-lear power plants based on public understanding of science theory.Results find that,as for“sur-face psychology”factors,perceived benefits and risks significantly influence public acceptance.As for“deep psychology”factors,emotional identification and social trust can significantly influence public acceptance,while perceived knowledge cannot.When people are unfamiliar with nuclear power plants,they are more inclined to evaluate the benefits and risks through emotional identification and social trust,rather than through pure rational deduction based on concrete facts.