日本农协:东方文化背景下的综合型合作社典型模式

Japan Agricultural Association: A Typical Model of Integrated Cooperatives in the Context of Oriental Culture

目前我国浙江在全省推广温州的综合型合作社模式并影响着全国合作社的发展走向,因而研究日本农协综合型合作社典型模式具有重要借鉴意义。本文首先分析东方文化背景下诞生的日本农协的形成背景和综合性合作社典型模式的六种职能;接着概括日本农协模式的主要特点,即综合性与专业化、健全的组织机构、完善的治理模式和良好的桥梁作用;然后总结了日本农协的五大成功经验,即增加了农民生产经营的利润、提供了各个环节充足的资金、给予了农民兼业经营的便利、影响了农村农业政策的制定和推动了乡村建设全面的发展;最后指出日本农协模式对于中国合作社发展的借鉴意义:应全面促进合作社体制机制创新、应着力完善合作社组织体系建设、要加强对农事各环节的科学指导、要集中有效为农民提供供销代理、要优化金融服务以减轻农民负担和增加合作社社员多种福利事业。

At present,Zhejiang Province promotes the comprehensive cooperative model of Wenzhou in the whole province and affects the development trend of the national cooperatives.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the typical model of the comprehensive cooperative of the Japanese Agricultural Association.This paper first analyzes the formation background of the Japanese Agricultural Association and the six functions of the typical cooperative model born under the background of oriental culture.Then it summarizes the main characteristics of the Japanese agricultural cooperative model,namely comprehensive and professional,sound organization,perfect Governance model and good bridge role;then summed up the five successful experiences of the Japan Agricultural Association,which increased the profits of farmers’production and operation,provided sufficient funds for each link,gave farmers the convenience of concurrent business operations,affected rural agricultural policies,and formulated and promoted the comprehensive development of rural construction;finally pointed out the reference significance of the Japanese Agricultural Association model for the development of Chinese cooperatives:comprehensively promote the innovation of cooperative system and mechanism,focus on improving the construction of cooperative organization system,and strengthen scientific guidance on all aspects of farming,focus on effectively providing supply and marketing agents for farmers,optimize financial services to reduce the burden on farmers,and increase the welfare of cooperative members.