人工智能生成作品的权属认定研究

Research on Ownership of Artificial Intelligence Works

随着人工智能技术的日趋成熟,人工智能逐渐由弱人工智能时代转入强人工智能时代。强人工智能时代的产生,导致两个新型问题的产生。一是强人工智能生成的内容物是否属于作品,二是强人工智能生成的内容物属于作品的情况下,其权利归属问题。本文着重探讨第二个问题,即对于强人工智能所生成的,在形式以及内容上能够匹敌自然人且具有独创性的创作作品,权利归属的认定研究。首先通过对生成作品人工智能使用者、生成作品人工智能投资者、生成作品人工智能开发者的理论进行探讨,论证其作为权属主体的不合理性。其次则是以利益归属不明、对自然人生成作品的毁灭性打击角度,论证人工智能本身作为权利归属主体的不合理性。最终,主张人工智能生成作品不应当归属于以上四方任意一方,而应当进入公有领域,才能够最大化地维护社会的公平持续发展。

With the maturity of artificial intelligence technology, artificial intelligence has gradually shifted from the era of weak artificial intelligence to the era of strong artificial intelligence. The emer-gence of the era of strong artificial intelligence has led to the emergence of two new problems. The first is whether the contents generated by strong artificial intelligence constitute works, and the second is the ownership determination of strong artificial intelligence works. This article focuses on the second question, namely, the research on the determination of the ownership of the original creations generated by strong artificial intelligence that can match natural persons in form and content. First, it discusses the theories of artificial intelligence users, investors and developers to demonstrate its irrationality as the subject of ownership. Secondly, it demonstrates the irrationality of artificial intelligence itself as the subject of right ownership from the perspective of the unclear ownership of interests and the devastating blow to natural persons’ works. In the end, it is argued that artificial intelligence-generated works should not belong to any of the above four parties, but should enter the public domain in order to maximize the fair and sustainable development of society.