网络谣言的生成及其规制研究

Research on the Generation and Regulation of Internet Rumors

网络谣言是随着信息科技的发展出现并日渐作为常态化存在的新兴谣言种类,是在互联网上生成或发布并传播的、未经证实的信息,具有内容虚假性、网络依赖性、人群复杂性、对象未知性四个特征。从个人角度和社会层面两个角度分析网络谣言问题的产生原因,个人角度的公众心理和网络行为是为谣言正向催生因素,社会层面则存在互联网平台局限性、政府治理、法律规制三方面问题,是为谣言消除机制的不足。以谣言传播模拟实验为起点,分析谣言的传播机制,并基于此提出谣言的规制建议,以达到平衡谣言规制中言论自由与社会稳定的目的。规制谣言最直接的方法是借鉴他国经验完善相应法律法规,在其他方面,还可以加强信息公开、加强网络文明教育。

With the development of information technology, Internet rumor is an emerging type of rumor that has gradually become a normal existence. It is unverified information generated, published and spread on the Internet, with four characteristics: false content, network dependence, crowd complexity and unknown objects. This paper analyzes the causes of Internet rumors from the perspectives of individuals and the society. The public psychology and Internet behavior from the perspective of individuals are the positive driving factors of rumors, while the limitations of Internet platforms, government governance and legal regulation exist in the social level, which are the deficiencies of rumor elimination mechanism. Based on the simulation experiment of rumor propagation, this paper analyzes the spreading mechanism of rumor, and puts forward suggestions on the regulation of rumor, so as to achieve the goal of balancing freedom of speech and social stability in rumor regulation. The most direct way to regulate rumors is to learn from the experience of other countries and improve relevant laws and regulations. In other aspects, we can also strengthen information disclosure and Internet civilization education.