农村留守老人生活质量制约因素分析及对策

Analysis and Countermeasures of the Restriction Factors of the Life Quality of the Old People Left Behind in Rural Areas

自新中国成立以来,我国人民政府始终把提高人民生活质量作为一项重要任务,并且在人民的收入增加、分配得更加合理等方面取得了可喜的成绩。但是应该注意到随着我国人口生育率的降低和人均寿命的延长,老龄人群不断扩大所带来的问题日益凸显严重,“未富先老”和“未备先老”已成为了当前制约老年人生活质量的两大障碍,伴随着城镇化的兴起以及农村地位的边缘化。农村留守老人在积蓄储备、公共医疗卫生、精神文化生活建设、社会保障兜底等方面的先天不足与后天差异化发展导致了其生活质量水平的普遍低下,农村留守老人的生活质量问题已经成为影响农村经济改革发展和农村社会和谐稳定的重要因素。基于以上分析,本文首先对农村留守老人的生活质量研究进行梳理,然后总结出制约农村留守老人生活质量的主要因素,最后结合实际为提升农村留守老人生活质量提出对策建议,从而促进农村留守老人生活质量的改善。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, people’s government of China has always taken improving the quality of people’s lives as an important task, and has achieved gratifying results in increasing people’s income and making distribution more reasonable. However, it should be noted that with the decrease of China’s fertility rate and the extension of average life expectancy, the problems brought by the expansion of the elderly population are increasingly prominent and serious. “Aging before Getting Rich” and “Aging before Getting Ready” have become the two major obstacles restricting the quality of life of the elderly at present, with the rise of urbanization and the marginalization of rural status. The congenital deficiency and acquired differentiated development of the rural left-behind elderly’s reserves in savings, public health, construction of spiritual and cultural life, social security, and other aspects led to the generally low quality of their life level. The quality of life of the rural left-behind elderly has been an important factor affecting the rural economic reform and development, and the rural social harmony and stability. Based on the above analysis, this paper firstly sorts out the research on the quality of life of rural left-behind old people, then summarizes the main factors that restrict the quality of life of rural left-behind old people, and finally puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the quality of life of rural left-behind old people based on the actual situation, so as to promote the improvement of the quality of life of rural left-behind old people.