王世贞的史学创获与明末清初史学形态之变化

Wang Shizhen’s Achievements in Historiography and the Changes of Historiography Form in Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties

王世贞是明代著名史学家,著述富赡,多所创获。首先是天下之文无不归于史的大史学观和国史、家史、野史互补的史体观。其次为“标新领异”开创“别集体”与“新掌故史学”的史体创新和规模宏大的明代史书著述。再者纵横捭合、条分缕析的分类比较批评法和精辟简约、得失互见的史学批评。其四,承绪并纠补杨慎,开启明代史学典章制度考索体。其五,文化专题史的热心倡导者和戮力实践者。从而丰富了明代史学思想和史体观,促进了明代掌故笔记体、史书批评和专题史的兴起,推进了明末清初考据史料学的兴盛。

Wang Shizhen is a famous historian in Ming Dynasty. He has rich works and many achievements. First of all, there is no article in the world, which does not belong to the historical view of great historiography and the complementary view of history style of national history, family history and unofficial history. Secondly, it is to create the innovation of the historical style of “different groups” and “new historical works” and the large-scale Ming Dynasty historical books. In addition, the method of categorization and comparative criticism of vertical and horizontal integration and analysis, as well as the incisive and concise method of historical criticism, has mutual benefits and losses. Fourthly, he inherited the thoughts and corrected Yang Shen, and opened the textual research style of the Ming Dynasty historical and historical system. Fifthly, he is an enthusiastic advocate and practitioner of cultural history. Thus, it enriched the historiography thought and view of history style in Ming Dynasty, promoted the rise of anecdote note style, historical book criticism and special history in Ming Dynasty, and promoted the prosperity of textual research in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty.