历史视角下的“差序格局”——重审等级制与自我主义的合理性

The “Differential Order Pattern” from the Perspective of History—Reexamines the Hierarchy and the Rationality of Egoism

差序格局是一个尚未精确界定的概念,许多学者从社会实际出发去考量其准确性,这也产生了许多疑问:第一,差序格局包括纵向的等级制吗?第二,自我主义可以用来概括宗族吗?研究结果表明:费先生的差序格局是历史概念,其中“序”是伴随着皇帝之差而产生,而序进一步增加了差的合理性,法、礼的出现使得差、序都有了具体的文化意义。文章进一步发现,自我主义于历史层面对于宗族行为特点的概括明显有其界限,对于特定的历史时期,自我主义可以概括宗族。

The difference order pattern is a concept that has not been accurately defined. Many scholars consider its accuracy from the social life, which also raises many questions: First, does the difference order pattern include the vertical hierarchy? Second: Can egoism be used to summarize clan? The research results showed that the difference order pattern is a historical concept, in which “order” comes along with the difference between emperors, and the order further increases the rationality of difference, and the appearance of law and ceremony makes difference and order have concrete cultural significance. This paper further finds that egoism has obvious limits in summarizing the characteristics of clan behavior at the historical level. For a specific historical period, egoism can summarize clan.