改革开放以来“三农”政策的历史演变研究——以中共中央一号文件为研究对象

Research on the Historical Evolution of the “Three Rural” Policies Since the Reform and Opening up—Taking the No. 1 Document of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China as the Research Object

自1982年至今,党中央在两大时间阶段共出台23个涉农中央一号文件。根据时间段划分我国“三农”政策的演变经历了四个阶段,即:农村改革探索时期、农村改革的放缓与政策间断期、城乡统筹发展时期和全面推进乡村振兴战略的创新发展时期。虽然各阶段存在着明显的延续性,但由于在不同历史阶段面临的问题不同,政策的着力点也发生转变,在新时期形成了新的政策重点、新的政策导向和新的政策布局。探索党的“三农”政策的演变,总结政策发展规律,得出了三点经验总结:“三农”政策要坚持问题意识和服务导向;“三农”政策要坚持因地制宜、因势利导;“三农”政策只有尊重农民利益,才能提高农业生产力。

Since 1982, the Party Central Committee has issued a total of 23 Agricultural Central No. 1 Docu-ments in two major time periods. According to the time period, the evolution of my country’s “three rural” policies has gone through four stages, namely: the period of rural reform exploration, the period of slowing down of rural reforms and policy discontinuities, the period of integrated urban and rural development, and the period of innovative development of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization strategies. Although there is obvious continuity in each stage, due to the different problems faced in different historical stages, the focus of the policy has also changed, and new policy priorities, new policy orientations and new policy layouts have been formed in the new period. Exploring the evolution of the party’s “three rural” policies, summarizing the law of policy development, and deriving three experience summaries: the “three rural” policies must adhere to problem awareness and service orientation;the “three rural” policies must adhere to local conditions and guide the situation;Only by respecting the interests of farmers can the agricultural production policy be improved.