健康不平等视角下社会公众态度影响因素研究——来自CGSS2015的实证分析

Research on the Influencing Factors of Public Attitudes Based on the Perspective of Health Inequality —An Empirical Analysis from CGSS2015

随着中国经济的稳步发展,社会公众的身体健康总体水平也稳步提高。本研究使用CGSS2015的数据样本,利用卡方检验证明了公众健康水平在各社会因素上均存在差异性,比较了城乡、性别、地域、收入健康不平等现象,分析了学历、政治面貌、社交、锻炼情况、自评社会等级与社会地位的健康不平等。本文认为健康不平等现象在社会因素各方面都普遍存在,且处于优势地位一方的群体往往拥有更高的健康水平。通过ordinal回归分析方法探讨了健康水平对公众信任度、公平度、幸福度均有正向影响,与正义度之间不存在显著性,所以健康水平对公众社会态度具有正向积极影响。因此若希望公众社会态度倾向于积极方向发展,要形成以立法、行政、战略与绩效管理为体系,经济发展为主要手段,宣传、应急机制为辅助手段的完整战略来提高公众整体健康水平,促使公众社会态度向积极正向化发展。

With the steady development of China’s economy, the general level of public health has also stea-dily improved. This study uses the data samples of CGSS2015 and chi-square test to prove that there are differences in public health level in various social factors. Health inequality in urban and rural areas, gender, region and income is compared, and health inequality in educational background, political status, social communication, exercise, self-rated social class and social status is analyzed. This paper argues that health inequalities are widespread in all aspects of social factors, and the groups in the dominant position tend to have higher health levels. By means of ordinal regression analysis, health level has a positive impact on public trust, fairness and happiness, and there is no significant difference between health level and justice, so health level has a positive impact on public social attitude. Therefore, if the public and social attitudes are expected to develop in a positive direction, a complete strategy with legislation, administration, strategy and performance management as the system, economic development as the main means, and publicity and emergency mechanism as the auxiliary means should be formed to improve the overall public health level and promote the positive development of public and social attitudes.